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School counselors provide a valuable service outside of the classroom by guiding students through their academic careers. They have a broad remit to support young learners through any academic, behavioral, and personal challenges they face during their time in school. You can find counselors at every level from early childhood through high school, though their distribution can vary based on the resources of a district and whether a school is public or private.

This career is highly professionalized. To practice as a school counselor, you need at least a master's degree in school counseling that includes a practicum experience, along with a license in the state where you want to work. The (ASCA) is the nonprofit group that recommends professional standards for licensure and continuing education requirements.

You can only pursue education in school counseling at the graduate level. In general, faculty design these degrees as professional programs that prepare graduates for specific careers. The aim of a master's degree is to create professional school counselors, and the goal of a doctoral degree is to produce researchers and professors in the discipline. 

Most degree programs have similar curricula to others at the same level, because they typically seek the ASCA's recognition based on its . These standards describe the association's preferred learning outcomes for graduate students in school counseling.

About enroll in U.S. schools each year, and many of these students and their families need help navigating the educational system. You might assist these families once you earn a master's degree in school counseling.

Students in these programs learn skills and techniques for assessing learners' aptitudes, conferring with teachers and guardians about behavioral problems, helping students choose classes, and giving guidance about future academic and career options. Some colleges offer optional concentrations to help enrollees tailor their graduate studies for specific demographics.

Before applying to school at the master's level, you'll need an undergraduate degree in a similar subject, such as a bachelor's in social work. Some students earn their bachelor's in counseling before going on to study for a master's in secondary education in order to work at the university level.

Earning a master's degree online is a valuable option for your future career prospects as a counselor. It's also considered a well respected degree in line with traditional on-campus learning. By attending an online school counseling program, you'll learn important skills in interventionism and behavioral assessment techniques, and you'll study the detailed history of the U.S. education system. You'll use data to drive your counseling studies and look at modern counseling strategies for an increasingly diverse student body.

Coursework in school counseling online programs cover the specific skills and knowledge you'll need to become a licensed counselor. You'll study social and cultural issues, human growth development, career development, and how to apply research and data to your profession. 

Below is a list of five courses that are commonly found among the best masters in school counseling programs:

• Ethics and Legal Issues in School Counseling: This course covers the ethical standards of modern-day school counseling while also looking at this field through an historical, philosophical, and cultural lens. You'll discuss the trends of school counseling as well as the profession's ethical standards put forth by prominent organizations in the education industry.
• Lifespan Development: Lifespan development looks at the emotional, social, and cognitive processes of human growth. This course provides insight into basic developmental phases in order to provide a better understanding of what young students go through at a biological level. 
• Research in School Counseling: Here, students will take a data-driven approach to counseling by investigating and analyzing research in school counseling. They are introduced to the scientific practice of research and the relevant terminology, before being assigned their own research projects, where they'll write their findings in a report.
• Child Therapy and Assessment: This class takes the proven methods of adolescent psychology and applies it to an education environment. You'll look at intervention techniques and assessment practices while keeping in mind a student's home environment, cognitive issues, and family structure to provide constructive therapeutic techniques.
• School Counseling Techniques: This course covers the hard skills needed to be an effective and ethical school counselor, including interviewing best practices, observation techniques, data collection, and developing comprehensive reports.

Some online master's in school counseling degrees offer concentrations that allow you to more closely study a niche within the field or create additional skills that will better your employment opportunities. For example, some programs may offer a bilingual extension, which looks at education practices and theory in a commonly spoken language, such as Spanish. Others offer mental health concentrations that focus on the practice of addressing cognitive and behavioral issues that many young students face during their education.

Also, similar to a master's in guidance counseling, you can pursue a master's in educational leadership or there are also advanced degrees in special education. 

As discussed, master's degree graduates usually seek positions as . These counselors earn median annual salaries of $64,330, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects 3% job growth in the upcoming decade. Interestingly though, both the salary and job growth projections are down from last year, but only by slightly.  

Below, we break down the responsibilities of counselors by type of school:

Elementary School

• Assessing behavioral issues and offering solutions
• Administering and interpreting aptitude tests
• Talking to classes about sensitive topics such as bullying

Middle School

• Assessing behavioral issues and offering solutions
• Giving aptitude tests to determine academic track
• Talking to groups about what to expect in high school

High School

• Assessing behavioral issues and offering solutions
• Offering career counseling at the high school level to advise on higher education and career paths
• Writing letters of recommendation to colleges

Note that the term "guidance counselor" was historically used in K-12 schools but has since fallen out of favor. The the term "school counselor" because their scope of professional practice has expanded in recent decades. However, you may still find job posts from schools that use the older term.

Typically, you are required to obtain a master's degree in school counseling before applying to become a licensed guidance counselor. Additionally, the skills and knowledge you'll gain from a graduate program are necessary to be an ethical, fair, and effective counselor for young students.

Public school counselors, specifically, are in order to practice. Unfortunately, this credential's title varies from state to state. Some states call it a certification or a license, others call it an endorsement.

States generally require a master's degree — along with a license — to work as a school counselor in grades K-12. is an excellent resource for each state's requirements when it comes to working as a certified counselor.

Every state has their own requirements in education, practical experience, and even background checks.

Some states, such as Alaska, may also require you to take cultural coursework related to their region, including a specific set of credit hours dedicated to multicultural and Alaskan studies. Once you meet said requirements, you'll be eligible to apply for a state license in school counseling. From there, you can begin applying for full-time employment in both state-funded and private schools.

If you're looking for more professional accolades, a certification provides a designation for an individual's achievements in the field. You can choose to earn a certificate or complete the from the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC). These will help boost your credibility and knowledge through additional coursework in trauma, abuse, addiction, and family counseling, as well as program evaluation and human development.

The answer to this question largely depends on your goals. You might consider the field if you're passionate about helping young people succeed but don't relish the thought of teaching five or six classes a day. Most employers ask for excellent communication, collaboration, and organizational planning skills in their job posts. As you consider a school counseling career, you can think about whether you have these competencies or are interested in acquiring them.

Salary certainly isn't everything, but it does tend to be an especially important consideration for young students. Becoming a school counselor requires both a bachelor's and a master's, so you'll spend at least six years at postsecondary institutions, which can lead to a lot of student debt. Even if you partially offset the expense with financial aid, a school counselor's relatively low salary might make it more difficult to justify the financial investment.

Because of these financial considerations, it's crucial that you feel passionate about school counseling before you make it your livelihood. You typically won't be exposed to the profession until your internship or practicum in the second year of your master's program, which can make it hard to know if you enjoy the work. It may be helpful to talk to current school counselors about their experiences before you decide to pursue a master's degree.

Lastly, we do want to mention that CareerExplorer's survey results shows that school counselors have a overall. It says, "school counselors rate their career happiness 3.5 out of 5 stars which puts them in the top 33% of careers."

According to a 2023 study in , districts that employed more counselors per student saw higher graduation rates, lower dropout rates, higher achievement, and smaller achievement gaps, with the pattern holding across grade levels and subjects. The finding points to steady demand for counselors in districts trying to improve those outcomes, but it also signals that your day-to-day impact will depend heavily on the staffing levels of the district you join.

It's helpful to take stock of your financial, familial, and work circumstances as you consider an online school counseling degree. You can examine the pros and cons listed below to help you determine if the diploma is likely to be worth the time and effort:

Potential Benefits:

• The field is enjoying higher-than-average job growth. The projections show a 4% increase in new jobs through 2034, which is about the same as the nationwide average. 
• Most school counselors believe that their work makes a positive difference. A of 7,000 active counselors indicates that 81% agree or strongly agree that their school counseling program improves student academic outcomes and behavior. Most also report that their work is helping close achievement and opportunity gaps and improving social justice.
• School counseling can be a very fulfilling and satisfying career. This is primarily because your responsibilities revolve around assisting and guiding children and young students through their most formidable years.
• Teachers and counselors receive more time off than other occupations. According to the , teachers work approximately 185 days per year compared to the average occupation which works around 230 days per year.

Potential Drawbacks:

• shows schools had one counselor for every 372 students in 2024-2025. That's the best the number has been since 1986, but it's still far above the 250-to-1 level ASCA recommends, and only four states hit that target. In other words, many schools still need more counselors, which is good news for job prospects, though the picture changes a lot by state, so check your own state's numbers before deciding.
• School counselors earn relatively low pay compared to other master's-prepared occupations. The median annual salary for professionals with , about $17,000 more than the median school counseling rate. See the Financial Implications section below for more detail.
• A majority of professors of counseling report difficulty balancing their workload. In of PhDs, 63% of respondents say it's a challenge to find time for research and writing. Publishing articles is an important part of earning tenure, which may be why only one-third of these professors are currently tenured, though another quarter are on the tenure track.
• School counseling can be a stressful undertaking. According to recent research compiled by NBCC's academic journal, , school counselors report that stress and burnout contribute to "a negative influence on the services they provide to students."

Accreditation verifies the legitimacy and efficacy of an institution. Verifying your school's accreditation status should be your first step in choosing the right program.

The (CACREP) is the main institution that accredits graduate programs in school counseling. Their rigorous standard looks at everything from a program's learning environment to how a program evaluates its students. Furthermore, all of OnlineU's recommendations for master's degrees in school counseling come from accredited institutions.

Aside from accreditation, there are other facts to consider as well. If you have credits from another university, you should ensure they will be properly transferred to the new program. Credits are a valuable asset for master's students, so it's important that you check your school's transfer policy before committing to said program.

Another thing to think about is how the application of online learning differs from on-campus learning and what requirements there might be for your online degree. Most school counseling master's degrees require in-person practicums or internships. So while the majority of your coursework will be online, you will also need to gain on-site work experience from an approved employer. For those studying out-of-state, you'll need to ensure there are local institutions where you can complete your internship.

If you are looking to graduate from your master's fast, see our article about accelerated learning options and how to graduate from college early. 

Several organizations offer helpful resources to school counseling graduate students.

• offers two professional certificates which are relevant for aspiring school counselors.
• offers resources for accredited educational programs in the field of school counseling.
• has memberships that offer career and continuing education resources, discounts for relevant services, counseling-related content, and advocacy projects on behalf of professionals in the field.